Malcolm X: Transformations in Faith, Justice, and Identity
Malcolm X, a transformative figure, evolved from Nation of Islam leader to global advocate for justice, inspiring change and thought.
Thinkers
Discover the lives and ideas of great thinkers in philosophy, science, and art. Explore how their influence shapes today’s world and inspires future minds.
George Orwell: Politics, Language, and the Dangers of Totalitarianism
George Orwell, famed for 1984 and Animal Farm, warned against totalitarianism and truth’s manipulation through sharp political critique.
Confucius vs. Laozi: The Debate on Social Order and Harmony
Confucius and Laozi, key figures in Chinese thought, shaped views on harmony: Confucius stressed order, Laozi valued natural freedom.
The Ethics of Spinoza: Pursuing Happiness Through Understanding
Spinoza, a key 17th-century philosopher, redefined reality, happiness, and God in Ethics, stressing clarity for true joy.
René Girard and the Theory of Mimetic Desire
René Girard, a French thinker, redefined human behavior with mimetic desire, showing how imitation shapes desire and conflict.
Why David Hume Believed in Skepticism and Empiricism
David Hume, a key Enlightenment thinker, reshaped philosophy by championing empiricism, skepticism, and human cognition limits.
Zeno of Citium: Founder of Stoicism and Master of Logic
Stoicism, founded by Zeno of Citium, stresses virtue, rationality, and resilience, shaping both ancient and modern ethical thought.
The Political Philosophy of John Locke: Liberty and Property
John Locke (1632–1704) shaped Enlightenment thought, influencing liberty, democracy, and modern political institutions.
The Rationalism of René Descartes: “I Think, Therefore I Am”
René Descartes (1596–1650), father of modern philosophy, reshaped thought with his rationalist approach and “Cogito, ergo sum.”
Albert Einstein: A Genius Beyond Physics
Albert Einstein, a genius in physics, reshaped science, championed justice, and left a lasting cultural and intellectual legacy.