Ideas

Nihilism, an unsettling philosophy, raises deep questions: Is there meaning or objective truth? If not, how should we respond?

John Rawls, a 20th-century philosopher, redefined justice with his “veil of ignorance” theory, emphasizing fairness and equality.

Niccolò Machiavelli’s The Prince (1513) fascinates thinkers for its bold take on power, governance, and the role of morality in leadership.

The debate over free will vs. determinism has captivated philosophers, scientists, and thinkers for centuries.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s The Social Contract, published in 1762, is a cornerstone in the canon of political philosophy.

A central philosophical question is: how do we know what we know? The main answers are empiricism and rationalism.

Socratic irony, key to Socrates’ method, involved using questions and irony to lead others to self-realization and deeper understanding.

Albert Camus’ essay, The Myth of Sisyphus, remains one of the most influential philosophical texts of the 20th century.

Human consciousness has long intrigued thinkers, focusing on the mind-body debate between dualism and materialism.

Utilitarianism, a major ethical theory, holds that moral actions promote the greatest happiness for the most people.